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Les diacres permanents, entre l'autel et le monde: Une légitimité et une activité aux frontières

Céline Béraud

EHESS — CEIFR, 10 rue Monsieur le Prince, F-75006 Paris, France, celineberaud{at}club-internet.fr

English

The permanent diaconate, which fell into disuse during the Middle Ages, was restored by the Second Vatican Council. It appears to be a hybrid sociological object, combining membership of the clergy and the characteristics of a way of life that brings it closer to the laity. Two ideal-typical figures of deacons emerged from fieldwork in two French dioceses: that of the militant and that of the ceremonial specialist. These two ways of working as a deacon are related to specific events in life as well as to generational differences. Both of them take their legitimacy from one of the dominant tendencies of the Council. In addition, various factors (the occasionally ambiguous relation to the priesthood, the management of the priest shortage, andsocial uncertainty about the diaconate) can lead to a shift of boundaries, from the world to the altar.

French

Le diaconat permanent tombé en désuétude au Moyen Age, a été rétabli par le concile de Vatican II. Il apparait comme un objet sociologique hybride, cumulant l’appartenance au clergé et des caractéristiques d’un état de vie qui le rapprochat des laïcs. A ` partir d’un travail de terrain dans deux diocèses franç ais, ont été dégagées deux figures idéal-typiques du diacre: celle du militant et celle du cérémoniaire. Ces deux modalités d’exercice du diaconat qui toutes puisent leur légitimité dans l’un des axes ayant prévalu au concile, sont liées à des parcours biographiques spécifiques ainsi qu’à des différences générationnelles. Par ailleurs, certains éléments (rapport parfois ambigu à la pretrise, gestion de la pénurie sacerdotale, flou social entourant le diaconat) peuvent conduire à un déplacement des frontières, du monde vers l’autel.

Key Words: Catholicism • clergy • France • legitimacy • liturgy • vocation

Social Compass, Vol. 54, No. 2, 175-185 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0037768607077028


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